Object obj;
String        str = "Yertle" ;

obj = str;
((YouthBirthday)obj).greeting();

The instanceof Operator

A typecast is used to tell the compiler what is "really" in a variable that itself is not specific enough. You have to tell the truth. In a complicated program, a reference variable might end up with any of several different objects, depending on the input data or other unpredictable conditions. To deal with this, the instanceof operator is used.

variable instanceof Class

This operator evaluates to true or false depending on whether the variable refers to an object of type Class. For example in the following fragment, instanceof is used to ensure that the object referenced by obj is used correctly:

Object obj;
YouthBirthday ybd = new YouthBirthday( "Ian", 4 );
String        str = "Yertle" ;

obj = ybd;

if ( obj instanceof YouthBirthday )
  ((YouthBirthday)obj).greeting();

if ( obj instanceof String )
  System.out.print( (String)obj );

instanceof will also return true if the class of the object on the left is a child (or grandchild or greatgrandchild or ...) of the class on the right.