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= EZ Pseudocode =
(c) Dave Mulkey 2012

// **** Ski Trip ************************************************
// Memorial High School is planning a ski trip for 188 students.
// They have some choices for transportation and lodging:
//
// - Transportation - They can use busses that each carry 20 students
//   Each bus costs 1000 Euros to drive. Each car carries 4 students
//   and costs 250 Euros to drive.
//
// - Lodging - A hotel room costs 300 Euros and accommodates 4 students.
//   A ski lodge room costs 800 Euros and accommodates 12 students.
//
// They can use a mixture of cars and busses, as well as a mixture
// of hotel rooms and youth hostel rooms.  The trip committee can change 
// the numbers of cars, busses, hotel rooms and lodges until they find
// a solution with enough seats and beds, but at minimum cost.
// **************************************************************/

CARS = 8
 BUSSES = 8
 HOTEL = 10
 LODGE = 12
 SEATS = CARS*4 + BUSSES*20
 BEDS = HOTEL*4 + LODGE*12
 COST = CARS*250 + BUSSES*1000 + HOTEL*300 + LODGE*800

output CARS , " cars  and  " , BUSSES , " busses = " , SEATS , " seats"
 output HOTEL , " rooms and " , LODGE , " lodges = " , BEDS , " beds"
 output "Total cost = " , COST

//~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
// By trying different values for CARS and BUSSES and HOTEL and LODGE,
// plan the cheapest possible trip for 188 students.
//~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

//*** INPUT, IF..THEN.. , and STRINGS ********************
//
// Lucy has trouble remembering things like: 1 km = 0.6 miles
// She wants to make a program that pops-up conversion factors.
// She wants to be able to type in a unit, like "km",
// and see a list of conversions, e.g.: 1 km = 1000 m = 0.6 miles
// This requires the ability to have a pop-up box that inputs data.
//
//********************************************************

UNIT = input("Type a unit")

if  UNIT = "km"  then
     output "1 km = 1000 m = 0.6 miles"
  end if

if  UNIT = "mi"  then
     output "1 mi = 5280 ft = 1.6 km"
  end if

if  UNIT = "ft"  then
     output "1 ft = 12 in = 30.5 cm"
  end if

if  UNIT = "liter"  then
     output "1 liter = 1000 ml = 1/3 gallon"
     output "Don't forget that IMPERIAL GALLONS"
     output "are different than US GALLONS"
  end if
      
//~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
// Add a few more conversion facts -
// maybe some money values, like  1 BP = 1.3 EUROS
//~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  
//==========================================
// INPUT - the input command makes a box pop-up on the screen,
//         waits for the user to type an answer,
//         and then stores the answer in a variable (UNIT).
//
// IF..THEN.. - checks whether UNIT matches a specific value.
//         If so, the program executes the command(s) between then..end if
//         Notice that the user is going to type letters, not numbers,
//         so you need "quotation marks" around the matching STRING.
//
// STRING - a STRING is a value that contains letters and maybe
//         numbers and punctuation marks -
//         e.g. any characters on a keyboard.
//==========================================

// === More Logic =================================
// Computers can do straightforward calculations, as well as complicated formulas.
// But that is not the most interesting thing.
//
// Computers can also perform LOGICAL operations, meaning that they
// can do COMPUTATIONS involving calculations PLUS making LOGICAL decisions.
//
// Logical decisions can be relatively simple, like deciding whether
// a number is larger or smaller than 50.  Other decisions are very complex,
// like deciding whether an IB student's test scores qualify
// for awarding an IB Diploma or not.  There are lots and lots of
// rules for an IB Diploma, so it requires lots and lots of if..then commands. 
//-----------------------------------------------
// Here is a common example - where the price of buying items changes
// if you buy a larger quantity - called a QUANTITY DISCOUNT.
//-----------------------------------------------

QUANTITY = input("How many hamburgers do you want?")
 
 if  QUANTITY >= 10  then
   PRICE = 2.59
 else if  QUANTITY <= 9  AND  QUANTITY >= 5  then
   PRICE = 2.89
 else if  QUANTITY < 5  then
   PRICE = 3.25
 end if

output "That costs " , PRICE , " per burger"
 output "Total cost = " , PRICE * QUANTITY , " for " , QUANTITY , " burgers"

//~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
// (1) READ the program above and PREDICT what it will print for each of these:
//       1 hamburger ,  6 hamburgers , 12 hamburgers
//
// (2) After making your predictions, run the program and check your answers.
//
// (3) Check what it costs for 9 hamburgers and 10 hamburgers.
//     Explain why this is a problem.  Suggest how this can be fixed.
//
// (4) On an IB exam, the following grade boundaries are used:
//       70 or above = grade 7
//       60 to 69  =   grade 6
//       50 to 59  =   grade 5
//       40 to 49  =   grade 4
//       30 to 39  =   grade 3
//       20 to 29  =   grade 2
//        0 to 19  =   grade 1
//     Write a program that inputs the raw score (e.g. 65)
//     and outputs the corresponding grade (e.g. 6)
//~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

//==== Binary Search ============================
// This program uses a Binary Search algorithm to search
// for an ID number, and then prints the corresponding name.
// Notice that div does not work properly in this tool,
// so Math.floor is used to truncate the average of LOW and HIGH.
// ==============================================

ID = [1001,1002,1050,1100,1120,1180,1200,1400]
NAME = ["Apple","Cherry","Peach","Banana","Fig","Grape","Olive","Mango"]

output "Type the ID number that you wish to find"
input TARGET

LOW = 0
HIGH = 7
FOUND = -1

loop while FOUND = -1 AND LOW <= HIGH
  MID = div( LOW + HIGH , 2 )   // should be (LOW + HIGH) div 2
                                // but (A div B) doesn't work correctly
			        // so there is a special method below
  if ID[MID] = TARGET then
      FOUND = MID
  else if TARGET < ID[MID] then
      HIGH = MID - 1
  else
      LOW = MID + 1
  end if
end while

if FOUND >= 0 then
    output TARGET , ":" , NAME[FOUND]
else
    output TARGET , " was not found"
end if

//==== Queues Merge ============================
// This algorithm uses 2 queues to MERGE the contents
// of two lists - originally stored in arrays.
// This assigns dogs to people - to go for a walk.
// This is not the most efficient solution,
// but does demonstrate how to use Queues.
// =============================================

PEOPLE = ["Alex","Bobby","Cho","Deke","Ellen"]
DOGS = ["spot","woofie","bruiser"]

PQ = new Queue()          // Queue for People names
DQ = new Queue()          // Queue for dog names

/////////////////////////// copy people names
loop P from 0 to 4      
   PQ.enqueue(PEOPLE[P])
end loop

//////////////////////////// copy dog names
loop D from 0 to 2      
   DQ.enqueue(DOGS[D])
end loop

loop while NOT(PQ.isEmpty()) OR NOT(DQ.isEmpty())
   if NOT(PQ.isEmpty()) then
      output "Person = " , PQ.dequeue()
   else
      output "People list is empty"
   end if

if NOT(DQ.isEmpty()) then
      output "Dog = " , DQ.dequeue()
   else
      output "Dog list is empty"
   end if
end loop

//=================================================
// Bank accounts growing by
// (1) simple payments
// (2) percent interest
//
// This uses a CLASS to create OBJECTS
// to represent each of the two accounts.
//
// Try increasing the number of years in the loop
// to find out when the INTEREST account
// overtakes the PAYMENT account
//=================================================

Class Account(name,amount)
    this.id = name
    this.balance = amount

this.addInterest = function(percent)
    {
       this.balance = this.balance + this.balance*percent/100
    }

this.addMoney = function(money)
    {
       this.balance = this.balance + money
    }

this.show = function()
    {
       output this.id + "  " + this.balance
    }
end Class

PAYMENTS = new Account("Abbey",100.0)

INTEREST = new Account("Pat",100.0)

loop YEARS from 0 to 10
    output "== Year : " + YEARS + " =="
    PAYMENTS.show()
    INTEREST.show()

PAYMENTS.addMoney(100)
    INTEREST.addInterest(10)
end loop